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Benefits

  • System-Level Sizing: Explore thousands of X86 processors in racks, chassis, or pods.
  • Cross-Domain Design: Combine X86 with FPGAs, GPUs, NPUs, and accelerators for heterogeneous computing.
  • Bottleneck Identification: Locate stalls in memory subsystems, interconnects, or cache hierarchies.
  • Operating Cost Optimization: Evaluate electricity consumption and cooling requirements for large X86-based deployments.
  • Early Architecture Validation: Prevent underutilization by validating 75–80% sustained utilization targets before committing to hardware.

The X86 processor library in VisualSim provides a detailed and configurable implementation of the X86 Instruction Set Architecture (ISA), supporting both 32-bit and 64-bit architectures. It models instruction execution, pipeline stages, register operations, cache hierarchy, and memory access timing.

With VisualSim, designers can build system-level models that include thousands of X86 processors, or combine them with other accelerators such as Xilinx and Intel (Altera) FPGAs, GPUs, and NPUs. This makes it possible to evaluate performance, power, throughput, and latency across complete data center racks, gaming consoles, automotive compute platforms, and aerospace/defense systems.

Overview

  • Full ISA Coverage: Implements the entire X86 instruction set for functional and cycle-accurate simulation.
  • Pipeline Modeling: Supports multiple stages (fetch, decode, execute, memory access, write-back).
  • Execution Units: Models integer (INT), floating-point (FP), and cache execution units.
  • Scalability: Supports single-core, multi-core, and large-scale multi-processor arrays for HPC and AI workloads.
  • System Connectivity: Integrates with PCIe, CXL, 800Gb Ethernet, and DDR/HBM memory controllers, enabling true system-level exploration.

Supported Standards

While X86 itself is a proprietary ISA, VisualSim enables it to work seamlessly with industry interconnect and memory standards, including:

  • PCI Express (PCIe 1.0 – 6.0, scalable to 7/8)
  • Compute Express Link (CXL 2.0/3.0)
  • Ethernet (1Gb – 800GbE)
  • DDR, LPDDR, HBM, GDDR memory standards

Key Parameters

  • Processor_Speed_MHz – Configurable processor frequency.
  • Pipeline_Depth – Number of pipeline stages.
  • Cache_Config – L1, L2, and L3 cache size/latency.
  • Miss_Memory_Name – Integration point for external memory systems.

Parameter Snapshots

  • Parameter

Simulation Results

  • Pipeline utilization
  • Cache hit/miss statistics
  • Instruction throughput (IPC)
  • Power and energy consumption per instruction
  • Latency and bottleneck reports across interconnects
  • Stats

Applications

  • Data Centers & Cloud Infrastructure – Model racks of X86 servers interconnected with PCIe, CXL, and Ethernet to evaluate latency, throughput, and power efficiency.
  • Gaming Consoles – Optimize CPU-GPU-FPGA co-processing for graphics, AI, and I/O-heavy gaming workloads.
  • Automotive Systems – Evaluate X86-based ECUs and infotainment platforms, test scheduling, and measure real-time performance under mixed-criticality workloads.
  • Aerospace & Defense – Design radar, mission computers, and avionics systems with X86 cores, integrated with secure memory and FPGA accelerators.
  • High-Performance Computing (HPC) – Explore large multi-processor X86 clusters for simulation, analytics, and AI workloads.

Integrations

  • PCIe, CXL, and Ethernet for high-bandwidth interconnect.
  • DDR, LPDDR, HBM, and GDDR memory models for diverse workloads.
  • RTOS and Scheduler libraries for task mapping and timing analysis.
  • FPGA co-simulation (Xilinx, Intel/Altera, Microchip) for hybrid platforms.
  • NoC and NIU libraries to model intra-chip communication in SoCs.

View Demo

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